Bioconductor provides tools for the analysis and comprehension of high-throughput genomic data. Bioconductor uses the R statistical programming language,
A widely used sequence format, which has a sequence label beginning with '>', followed by the sequence.
A GI (genInfo) number is a sequence identifier used by GenBank. More information can be found here.
The Tamura-Nei model of nucleotide substitution. See this Wikipedia entry for details of this and other models of DNA evolution.
A phylogeny is a branching diagram or tree showing the inferred evolutionary relationships among various biological species, based on differences in their physical or genetic characteristics Wikipedia entry.